Hidden Victims: Exploring Prevalent Factors Contributing to Violent Behaviours Against Homeless Individuals in Durban CBD

Homelessness remains a pressing social issue worldwide, with individuals experiencing various forms of victimization and marginalization. This qualitative study aimed to explore the pathways into homelessness and experiences of victimization among homeless individuals in Durban CBD, South Africa. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with (n=17) participants and analysed thematically. Five main themes emerged: pathways into homelessness, forms of violent behaviours experienced, factors contributing to victimization, impact of violent behaviours, and access to assistance post-victimization. Participants described childhood adversity, poverty, unemployment, and substance abuse as key pathways into homelessness. They reported experiencing physical and verbal violence from both the public and law enforcement officials, often leading to physical injuries and psychological distress. Factors contributing to victimization included collective punishment, stigma, visibility, and impaired judgment due to substance abuse. Seeking assistance from law enforcement was often futile, with participants reporting discrimination and neglect. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions and support systems to address the complex challenges faced by homeless individuals, particularly those from marginalized backgrounds. This research provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders working towards creating a more inclusive and just society for all individuals, regardless of their housing status.