Sustainable development of the crop industry is the basis of the country’s food security

The article provides an assessment of the current state of production of the grain sub-sector of crop production, provides analytical indicators of the acreage, gross harvest and yield of cereals and legumes in grain-producing regions of the country. The sown area and the structure of the area of sowing of grain and leguminous crops in all categories of farms in Russia are given. The impact of the grain sub-sector of crop production on the country’s food security has been determined in the research work. The main directions that significantly affect the sustainable development of the grain sub-sector of crop production on an innovative basis are highlighted and justified. As a result of an analytical assessment of the main types of crop production, it was found that the largest volume is occupied by grain and grain products. During the study of this topic, it was determined that grain and grain products are a strategically important product in the global agri-food market. Problems related to the production of the main types of agricultural products have been identified. The main problem is that the acreage for cereals is increasing, violating the basic principles of the crop rotation system. The study noted the transition of agricultural producers to the cultivation of monoculture of winter and spring wheat. The article notes the negative impact on the environment and ecology, due to the violation of the scientifically sound management of the farming system. Recommended and proposed measures for the sustainable and effective development of the grain sub-sector of crop production in the long term. The paper shows the effect of the intensification process on the restoration and increase of the economic fertility of the soil.