Exploration of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice in Pharmacies on Antibiotic Use and Antimicrobial Resistance Through Survey in Chennai, India

Background:The discovery of antibiotics marked a pivotal moment in medical history, but proper use is crucial to preserve their value.Misuse leads to antibiotic resistance.The research involved two methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey, A simulated patient interview of community pharmacists, covering knowledge, attitude, and practice. Aim and objectives:To evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of Community Pharmacists on over-the-counter antibiotic dispensing using a standard questionnaire as well as comparing it to their practices by simulating patients' visits at pharmacies. Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional survey has been performed.During the survey, which lasted for six months, 173 responses were collected in our study.Using GraphPad Prism 10 software and Microsoft Excel, all responses were analysed and evaluated.Simulated patient interviews were conducted in 20 random pharmacies to observe their practice in dispensing over the counter antibiotics.Results: Antimicrobial resistance is a growing threat.Our study found gaps in pharmacists' practices: 56.65% wrongly thought antibiotics were available over-the-counter, and 57.80% dispensed them contrary to prescriptions.Simulated interviews revealed poor patient history inquiry and prescription checks.Key factors affecting pharmacists' knowledge and practices include age and experience.Despite positive attitudes, gaps in antimicrobial resistance awareness and ethical practices remain. Conclusion:Antimicrobial resistance is critical, underscoring the need to assess pharmacists' knowledge and practices.Our study reveals significant gaps in antibiotic dispensing and awareness of resistance.Combating this issue requires better regulation, enforcement, and public education.Key recommendations include monitoring dispensing, upholding ethical standards, and balancing technology with traditional values.