Exploring Topical Abrocitinib as A Targeted Therapy for Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disorder with increasing prevalence globally, imposing a significant burden on patients and healthcare systems.Current treatment modalities include topical corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, and systemic agents; however, these often fall short in addressing unmet therapeutic needs such as localized efficacy, safety, and patient adherence.The advent of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors has introduced a novel mechanism targeting the inflammatory pathways central to AD pathophysiology.Among these, abrocitinib, an oral JAK1-selective inhibitor, has demonstrated efficacy in moderate-tosevere AD but lacks a topical formulation optimized for localized action and reduced systemic exposure.This review delves into the epidemiology and pathophysiology of AD, evaluates the role of JAK inhibitors, and highlights challenges and innovations in developing targeted therapies.It further examines clinical evidence supporting abrocitinib's efficacy, its dosage, administration, and regulatory status while exploring the potential of nanoliposomal delivery systems to enhance topical formulations.By addressing gaps in AD management, this review underscores the need for innovative therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes.