Innovations in Three-Dimensional Printing for Personalized Drug Delivery Systems

Three-dimensional (3D) printing represents a transformative approach in pharmaceutical manufacturing, offering unprecedented possibilities in drug delivery system development. The technology enables precise control over dosage forms, complex geometries, and personalized medication production. Various 3D printing methodologies, including Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Stereolithography (SLA), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), and Inkjet Printing, have demonstrated significant potential in pharmaceutical applications. The FDA approval of Spritam®, the first 3D-printed medication, marked a pivotal milestone in the field. Recent advances encompass the development of patient-specific dosing systems, drug-eluting implants, and innovative transdermal delivery platforms. While the technology presents remarkable opportunities for personalized medicine and on-demand drug production, several challenges persist, including regulatory compliance, material limitations, and quality control considerations. Integration with digital health technologies and bioprinting advances suggest promising future directions. The convergence of 3D printing with continuous manufacturing processes could revolutionize pharmaceutical production methods