Women Health Problems from Contraceptive Misuse in Coastal and Flood-Prone Areas of Bangladesh: A Systematic Literature Review

This systematic literature review analyzed 30 peer-reviewed articles to explore the socio-cultural and environmental factors contributing to the misuse of contraceptives for menstrual suppression among unmarried women in coastal Bangladesh. The study identifies severe health complications, including hormonal imbalances and psychological stress, as consequences of this practice. Major contributing factors include societal shame, salinity of water, and limited access to menstrual health products, particularly in areas like Satkhira, Khulna, Vola, and Pirojpur. Although some government and NGO initiatives are underway, they remain inadequate in dealing with the principle causes of this issue. Key findings show that socio-cultural stigma, poor sanitation, and a lack of menstrual health education significantly drive contraceptive misuse. While existing policies have had limited impact, there is a need for more comprehensive interventions. The study emphasizes the importance of community-based education programs and policy reforms to tackle this challenge. In closing, a comprehensive approach combining health education, environmental improvements, and policy reforms is necessary for reducing the misuse of contraceptives and restrain its harmful health implications.