Assessment of mRNA Levels of Tumor Antigen (PRAME) and Clinical Outcomes in Newly Diagnosed Cases of Acute Leukemia

Background: Although PRAME's expression in normal tissue is inconsequential, it is an oncogene in many solid tumors and hematological malignancies; nonetheless, its function and mode of action in acute leukemic cells are still up for discussion. We aimed to expose the relationship between PRAME gene expression and acute leukemia patients with clinical outcomes. Objectives: To examine acute leukemia's expression of the primarily expressed antigen of melanoma "PRAME" and its clinical implications. Methods: A real-time PCR using the Cyber Green test was used to determine the amount of PRAME mRNA expression in peripheral blood cells from 40 patients with acute leukemia and 10 samples from healthy individuals. An analysis of the relationship between the clinical outcome and PRAME gene expression was done. Results: Out of the 50 samples that were obtained, 28% were male and 22% were female. The mean age was 34.3 and 34.3 years for the patients and controls, respectively. Of these, 26(52%) had AML, 14(28%) had ALL, and 10(20%) had voluntary health control. In AL patients, PRAME gene expression was significantly higher (0.643) than in healthy people (0.0468). There were no significant differences between the various types of AL. However, the PRAME mRNA levels showed statistically significant correlation with clinical outcomes. Conclusions: In AML, the PRAME gene is highly expressed, and it may be a helpful indicator for monitoring minimal residual illness; on the other hand, it was linked to a poor prognosis for AML patients.