Assessing the impact of restrictions on the football industry in Russia

The article analyses the impact of various restrictions on the Russian football industry. Both external factors (international sanctions, geopolitical situation, economic instability) and internal factors (introduction of FANID, insufficient infrastructure development, difficulties in attracting investment) are considered. The impact of these restrictions on the financial sustainability of clubs, transfer policy, match attendance, youth football development and commercialisation of football activities is investigated. The classification of restrictions by various criteria (strength, duration, scale of impact, etc.) is proposed and the mechanisms of their impact on the efficiency of football clubs are analysed. In conclusion, the paper identifies the prospects for the development of Russian football under the current restrictions and formulates recommendations for adapting to them.