A Morphological and Anatomical Study of the Glycyrrhiza glabra Plant in the Zab District - Hawija District - Kirkuk Governorate

According to our research, liquorice leaves (Glycyrrhiza glabra) have stomata that are capable of secreting salt crystals. Although their population grows well, salt excretion should theoretically interfere with the stomata's regular function and thus G. glabra's growth and development. We have a suspicion that the interchange of gases from the leaves in various places and the excretion of salt in the stomata may be mutually exclusive. Thus, we examined the chlorophyll content, anatomical structure, net photosynthetic rate, conductivity, and salt excretion capability of the stomata from leaves at various liquorice locations. The arrangement of the mesophyll cells in the upper leaves was the densest, while the lower leaves had the lowest density. The stomata of the lower leaves demonstrated the strongest capacity to secrete salt, but the stomata of the higher leaves did not produce any salt. Since the stomata in the upper leaves had the highest rate of net photosynthesis and conduction and the stomata in the lower leaves had the lowest, we can conclude that the upper leaves' stomata are primarily used for gas exchange, whereas the lower leaves' stomata exhibit impaired representation. Excess salt is eliminated through photosynthesis.