ECOSYSTEM MEASUREMENTS AND ECOSYSTEM MODELING IN CONDITIONS OF UNCERTAINTY

If we consider from the perspective of a systematic approach various aggregates of complex objects and subjects united by diverse interrelations within the framework of natural or anthropogenic processes, as well as the environment of their functioning as integral complex systems, then this aggregate will be an ecosystem. Thus, measurements of the characteristics of such ecosystems can be defined as ecosystem measurements, and their modeling as ecosystem modeling. The special scientific importance and practical significance of ecosystem assessments, conclusions, and recommendations place high demands on their reliability, relevance, and effectiveness. To achieve the effectiveness of solutions, reliable and reliable knowledge is needed, obtained through detailed study, generalization and analytical processing of initial information. Measurements and modeling of ecosystem properties are carried out under conditions of considerable uncertainty due to the fundamental impossibility of their complete knowledge. In such information situations, special measurement and modeling methods and tools are needed, focused on conditions of information uncertainty. The specifics of such methods are the intellectualization of their methodology, as well as metrological support for all stages of their implementation. The paper offers a methodological justification and principles for the organization of ecosystem measurements of system properties as a new trend in the integration of artificial intelligence and modern measurement theory. The concept of constructing methods for ecosystem measurements of the state and individual properties of ecosystems is proposed. As examples of the application of the proposed approach, models and assessments of the properties of global socioe-cological and economic systems (for example, states), and their totality as an integral global macrosystem, are given in conditions of information uncertainty based on systematic, measuring and regularizing Bayesian approaches. It is shown that the model of a separate national, regional ecosystem or their global model generalization should include, in addition to the subsystem of its own properties and their indicators, subsystems of the near and far environment, currently maximally influencing the state of individual geopolysystems. Conceptual and formalized models for measuring ecosystem properties are presented. Examples of modeling and ecosystem measurements of the properties of digital and virtual ecosystems are given. For specific applied tasks of ecosystem measurements, the digital intelligent environment «Infoanalyst » is used, which allows solving the tasks of monitoring, auditing and managing ecosystem processes and situations.