Distribución de las tortugas gigantes de Galápagos del género Chelonoidis y efectos de las actividades antrópicas

The giant tortoises of the Galapagos Islands of the genus Chelonoidis are characterized by their large size; they are the longest living of all vertebrates with an average lifespan of 100 years. Its conservation is essential, due to the contribution to the maintenance of biodiversity with the trampling of vegetation and the dispersal of seeds; but the effects of anthropogenic activities have caused the extinction of three of the 15 species, while the remaining 12 are classified as endangered, according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The conservation programs implemented have allowed the repatriation of 5,670 individuals to their natural habitat, through reproduction and breeding in the Giant Tortoise Conservation Centers. This article analyzes the distribution, morphological characteristics, threats and conservation programs; to know the current situation of these terrestrial reptiles, given their vulnerability.