Análisis de las tendencias en inteligencia artificial para la automatización de procesos

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming traditional automation paradigms in key sectors by optimizing processes, reducing costs and improving decision making through big data. This article aims to analyze the emerging trends of AI in automation, assessing its impact on productivity, sustainability and equity. Through a literature review in the Scopus database, 352 papers published between 2019 and 2023 were selected. Advanced applications such as natural language processing, deep neural networks and digital twins, which are redefining processes in manufacturing, logistics, health and finance, were identified. The results show remarkable benefits, such as early disease detection, supply chain optimization and real-time financial fraud detection. However, significant challenges also arise, such as labor displacement, data privacy and algorithmic biases, which demand strong regulatory frameworks and inclusive labor retraining strategies. In conclusion, AI represents a key tool for digital transformation, but its implementation must be accompanied by ethical governance to ensure sustainability and equitable access to its benefits.