ADSORPTION OF CRYSTAL VIOLET DYE FROM WASTE WATER BY USING ORANGE PEEL (CITRUS SINENSIS) AS AN ECO-FRIENDLY ADSORBENT

Crystal Violet (CV) is a cationic dye commonly used in the textile industry and is considered a model pollutant due to its potential health hazards and environmental impact.To mitigate the harmful effects of CV in wastewater, adsorption is widely employed as an effective treatment method.This study aims to remove CV from aqueous solutions using activated orange peel as an adsorbent.In this study, batch adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, and dye concentration on dye removal.Additionally, adsorption isotherms were analyzed to evaluate the performance of activated orange peel as an adsorbent.The maximum percentage removal of the dye using an adsorbent dose of 0.2 g was observed in a 2 mg l -1 solution.The highest percentage removal was achieved at 98% in a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) medium and 97% in a sulfuric acid (HSO) medium.The dye removal per unit mass of orange peel increased with contact time, reaching a maximum percentage removal of 84% within 50 minutes.At ambient temperature, an adsorption efficiency of up to 91% was attained within 180 minutes.Equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models.The data showed an excellent fit to the Langmuir isotherm model, with a high correlation coefficient (R).The results suggest that orange peel is a cost-effective, eco-friendly, and efficient adsorbent for the treatment of industrial wastewater.