Neutrino-nucleus reaction cross sections in supernova explosion*

Abstract Neutrino-induced nuclear reactions play a crucial role in astrophysical nucleosynthesis. When a supernova explodes, the neutrino shockwave interacts with the outer material of the star to induce the neutrino-process ( ν -process), which is essential for elucidating heavy element synthesis and the exotic abundance distribution of proton-rich nuclei. In this study, the cross sections of neutrino-nucleus reactions are deduced using the nuclear gross theory of beta decay (GTBD). The calculation results of , , , and reactions are consistent with those predicted using the QRPA, Hybrid, RPA, and pnQRPA models within an order of magnitude. These results are reasonable given our current knowledge of neutrino-nucleus reactions. Building on this foundation, we propose a semi-empirical parametrization formula that describes the spectrum-weighted cross section of supernova neutrinos as a function of neutrino effective temperature. This formula is instrumental in the development of a convenient database for neutrino-nucleus reaction cross sections. Such a database is anticipated to streamline the process of accessing cross section data, thereby enhancing the efficiency of model calculations based on nuclear astrophysical networks.