Paleogeographical model of the late upper Pliocene eastern Azerbaijan and the Middle Kurin depression

The paleogeography of the late Pliocene is poorly studied. Meanwhile, more detailed studies of the paleogeography of the late Pliocene are of great importance for understanding the historical and geological development of the Pliocene-anthropogenic structural stage within the Southern Caspian and Eastern Azerbaijan. We have created a paleogeographic model based on the generalization of a huge amount of factual material - regional geophysical works, stratigraphic-paleontological data and complex sedimentological research.Late Upper Pliocene seas are characterized by their salinization and the development of a regressive cycle in Eastern Azerbaijan and on the western side of the South Caspian Sea. As a result of the long-term regression of these seas, the basins shrink their areas considerably, and at the end of the shallowing processes, the space of the giant akchakıl seas is divided into lagoons, bays and lakes. Regional desalination of basins occurs, and freshwater molluscs, ostrocods, and foraminifera are widespread in the last Upper Algae basin of the primary Algae basins. The climate in the shallow area of the last upper cypress seas was cold and temperate. This idea is easily confirmed by Ca/Mg index in invertebrate shells, CaCO3 cement in sandstones and siltstones is weak (2–3 %) and needle-leaved plants in erosion zones in sandstones, lagoon clays, have mild cold climatic conditions. the paleo-salinity of the seas was at a very low level during the epoch, and the salinity level of the basins can be compared with the salinity of the modern Azov and Aral seas. The paleotemperature of late upper pliosene basin prezirvate cool moderate temperature lever pleocene. Recent birch seas also belonged to the type of epicontinental seas. Recent birch seas and the landscape created by them belong to humid lithogenesis and are characterized by a weak tectonic regime.