An analytical-iterative method for accurate parameter estimation of the single-diode model in photovoltaic modules: Application to monocrystalline and polycrystalline modules under various environmental conditions

This article presents a methodology, both analytical and iterative, aimed at estimating the five parameters of the single-diode model for photovoltaic modules. This approach, devoid of preliminary external measurements and based on minimal available information, enables the complete determination of parameters without resorting to prior estimations. Its principle lies in the analytical estimation of the photocurrent (Iphn), reverse saturation current of the diode (Ion), and shunt resistance (Rshn) under standard test conditions. Simultaneously, the ideality factor of the diode (an) and series resistance (Rsn) are obtained through a two-dimensional iterative process. A reformulation of parameters under normal conditions accounts for the impact of metrological conditions. Applied to SP140 monocrystalline and S75 polycrystalline modules, this method demonstrates notable precision, assessed using criteria such as root mean square error and relative error, compared to other approaches. These results underscore the reliability of this methodology for precise modeling of photovoltaic behavior, highlighting its potential for design, optimization, and prediction of photovoltaic system performance.