Selection method for hybrid energy storage schemes for supply reliability improvement in distribution networks

Hybrid energy storage (HES) plays a crucial role in enhancing the reliability of distribution networks. However, the distinct charging and discharging characteristics among different energy storage technologies pose challenges to the evaluation of HES technical features. This paper focuses on addressing two main issues in HES pre-selection. Firstly, regarding the influence of the number of energy storage types on the utility value in HES pre-selection evaluation, we employ the integrated evaluation method of analytic hierarchy process (AHP)-criteria importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC)-technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). We propose an improved utility value calculation method based on enhanced utility combination rules. These rules include distance, replacement, addition, and multiplication rules. By establishing these rules, we can effectively eliminate the impact of the number of energy storage types on the combination result. This enables us to accurately calculate the technical characteristics of HES schemes with varying numbers of energy storage technologies, providing a more reliable basis for scheme comparison and selection. Secondly, to eliminate the interference of utility value improvement processing on evaluation results, we introduce a secondary screening method based on TOPSIS evaluation results. This method mitigates the influence of subjective coefficients by evaluating HES schemes under different subjective coefficients and selecting optimal and sub-optimal schemes. We also establish an evaluation system with 11 indices and 10 energy storage technologies, which can efficiently evaluate up to 1785 HES schemes, significantly expanding the scope of evaluation. Finally, we develop a reliability simulation method for distribution networks based on sequential Monte Carlo. Using the IEEE-33 node as an example, we configure the optimal scheme. The results show that the evaluation process has high reliability. The proposed method not only improves the accuracy and rationality of HES pre-selection but also has important practical significance. In actual power grid operation, it can help decision-makers and utility companies to select the most suitable HES schemes more scientifically. This can effectively improve the reliability of power supply, reduce construction costs, and promote the efficient operation of distribution networks. It provides a valuable reference for the wide-scale application of HES in the power industry.