Modeling the impact of quarantine on COVID-19 transmission: A comprehensive approach

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound global impact, necessitating an in-depth understanding of its transmission dynamics. This study presents a dynamic compartmental model that categorizes the population into six compartments: Susceptible (S), Exposed (E), Asymptomatic (A), Symptomatic (I), Quarantine (Q), and Recovered (R). We conduct a thorough analysis of the model, including the computation of the basic reproduction number [Formula: see text] and an examination of equilibrium points and bifurcation behaviors. Our findings indicate that the disease-free equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable when [Formula: see text], while global stability is achieved when [Formula: see text]. To enhance disease management, we develop an optimal control strategy incorporating four time-dependent interventions. This comprehensive approach not only deepens our understanding of COVID-19 dynamics but also provides actionable insights for public health interventions aimed at controlling the spread of the virus.