Cosmological model with a parametrization of the hubble parameter in f(R,T) theory of gravity

This study investigates the cosmological implications of the [Formula: see text] gravity model. [Formula: see text] gravity is a modification of General Relativity (GR) that introduces a coupling between the Ricci scalar R and the trace of the energy–momentum tensor T. This work provides a comprehensive analysis of the model’s predictions using updated observational data, including uncorrelated Baryon Acoustic Oscillations and Cosmic Chronometers. By employing the Markov Chain Monte Carlo technique, we constrain the model parameters, demonstrating their compatibility with current observational datasets. Our findings reveal that the model naturally extends the [Formula: see text]CDM model, with the parameter [Formula: see text] from [Formula: see text] gravity quantifying deviations from GR. Additionally, we provide a critical discussion on the challenges and limitations of the [Formula: see text] framework, addressing issues such as observational constraints, systematic uncertainties and model dependencies. This work not only refines parameter constraints for [Formula: see text] gravity, but also bridges the gap between theoretical predictions and observational tests, offering a powerful framework for exploring deviations from GR in a cosmological context.