New varieties of Oriental poppy (Papaver orientale L.) bred in the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

Purpose. Based on the analysis of scientific literature and information resources of botanical institutions, to investigate the state and main directions of Oriental poppy (Papaver orientale L.) breeding, as well as the world assortment of its varieties. Based on the collection and breeding stock of the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (hereinafter – NBG), to create domestic varieties that meet the requirements for modern ones and are adapted to the growing conditions in Ukraine. Methods. Analytical selection methods were used, based on individual selection and evaluation of the best samples from the available breeding base. Results. Eight new varieties of Oriental poppy of the NBG breeding ‘Lialechka’, ‘Rozett’, ‘Malika’, ‘Kabare’, ‘Miia’, ‘Halyna’, ‘Chaklunka’, ‘Toreador’) are presented. They are characterised by considerable variability in morphological traits, including color, flower shape, habitus and plant height. The diameter of the flowers varies from 8 to 18 cm, the shape – from bowl to cup, the degree of ruffle of the petals varies from weak to strong. The strength of the flower peduncles correlates with the height of the plants, ensuring the stability and decorativeness of both tall and short varieties. Conclusions. The new varieties of Oriental poppy of the NBG breeding are characterised by high decorative value, resistance to abiotic and biotic factors and adaptability to the soil and climatic conditions of the Ukrainian forest steppe. They also show considerable variability in habit, flower shape and color, and have different flowering times and durations. These characteristics make the newly developed varieties promising for multiple uses in landscaping and for further use in breeding programmes. Eight new varieties have been included in the “State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Dissemination in Ukraine”.