Protective effects of betel leaf polysaccharide iron complex against hemolytic anemia: an in vitro and in vivo approach

Products that are natural or herbal have positive health effects. Polysaccharides, a family of high molecular weight carbohydrates, constitute an important class of bioactive molecules that derived from microorganisms, animals, or plants. Numerous vital cellular functions are regulated by plant polysaccharides and their complexes. Iron is an essential micronutrient needed by all living species. Iron deficiency anaemia has traditionally been treated with iron supplementation. But a surplus of iron is toxic. Phenolic chemicals with antibacterial, antioxidant, antimutagenic, and antiproliferative qualities can be found in Piper betel. The co-thermal synthesis approach was used to create the P. betel polysaccharide iron complex. Complexation is confirmed by structural characterization. The iron signal in PBPS-Fe is indicated by SEM–EDS analysis. Rats with PHZ-induced anaemia were subjected in an in vivo investigation to examine the anti-anaemic effect of high, medium, and low doses of PBPS-Fe. Iron, TIBC, TS, and ferritin are significantly reduced at medium and low doses.