Solid-state cooling analysis including temperature dependency of thermoelectric material properties

Thermoelectric coolers, used for solid-state cooling and cryogenic cooling, are crucial for a wide range of applications, including space missions. The conventional analytical model assumes material properties are constant over their operating temperature range, ignoring the temperature dependency of material properties. This often leads to inappropriate predictions of materials' cooling performance. To address this, a model incorporating the Thomson effect accounts for temperature dependence in thermoelectric transport properties, resulting in more reliable predictions and efficient packaging of thermoelectric coolers integrated with heat exchangers.