A grey-based multiple attribute decision making model for implementing circular supply chain in copper industries

The present study aims to prioritize measures to surmount the barriers of implementing the circular supply chain of the copper industry by employing grey MADM methods. By reviewing the literature and conducting the content validity, 25 barriers and 18 measures to surmount these barriers were determined. The grey best-worst method was employed for assigning weights to barriers, and grey VIKOR was employed for ranking measures. The findings indicated that the keep within laws and policies of waste management, Build buyer–supplier ecological collaboration and partnerships With the lowest Q value of 0.48 and the lack of effective management with the weight of 0.084 for CSCM concepts are the most significant measures and barrier for circular supply chain implementation, respectively. The findings of this research will help managers, policymakers, and stakeholders in various industries to effectively adopt a circular supply chain.