Research on the resonance characteristics of liquid density and viscosity based on tuning fork structure

In this paper, a new steel tuning fork sensor is designed, aiming to achieve high accuracy measurement of liquid density and viscosity. By establishing the theoretical and simulation models between liquid density, viscosity and tuning fork frequency, and quality factor, the accuracy and real-time problems of traditional battery electrolyte measurement methods are solved. The experiments cover liquids with different densities and viscosities, including standard density salt water and silicone oil with different viscosities. The results show that the resonant frequency of the tuning fork is linearly related to the density of the liquid, and the quality factor and frequency are linearly related to the viscosity, and the measurement accuracies reach ±0.8% and ±5 mPa s, respectively. The sensor is suitable for real-time on-line monitoring of the density and viscosity of the lead-acid battery electrolyte to optimize the performance of the batteries and to ensure their consistency and reliability.