Processing curved surface with a high-speed triple galvanometer laser 3D scanning system

High-speed laser processing of curved surfaces is limited by laser three-dimensional (3D) scanning equipment. It is difficult to balance efficiency and uniformity during processing. In this paper, a self-developed high-speed triple galvanometer laser 3D scanning system (TGLSS) was used. The equations for the laser energy distribution and the spatial spot overlap rate at different positions of the curved surface were derived. The laser interaction mechanism with curved materials and the ablation effect were investigated. Scanning experiments on cylindrical surfaces were conducted to verify the processing differences of the laser at different positions of the curved surface, and the processing quality of the surface was improved by using a variable speed filling method.