The Effectiveness of the Influence of Organic Bioadditives on the Yield of Spring Wheat in the Krasnoyarsk Forest-Steppe

The study was conducted in 2020–2022 to determine the effectiveness of using organic bioadditives when growing spring wheat. The soil of the experimental plot was ordinary chernozem, the average humus content (GOST 26213–84) in the 0–20 cm layer was 6.14%, the soil supply with nitrate nitrogen was 5.7 mg/kg, and the content of mobile phosphorus and potassium (GOST 26204–91) was 235 and 154.0 mg/1000 g of soil, respectively. Sowing was done with a selection seeding machine SN-16 with a seeding rate of 4.5 million viable seeds per 1 ha. The material for the study was spring wheat of the Krasnoyarsk 12 variety. The field experimental design included the following variants: without fertilizers (control), application of pine sawdust, lowland peat, aspen bark, and seed treatment before sowing with a decoction of fir needles. Pine sawdust, bark, and peat were crushed and applied manually at a dose of 1.5 t/ha. Treatment of seeds with a decoction of fir needles was carried out by soaking the seeds for 12 h. The highest survival rate for harvesting was observed in the variant with the addition of peat: 71.4%. In the same variant, the maximum indicators of the elements of the crop structure were recorded in the experiment: the number of plants in a sheaf was greater than in the control by 25.9%, the number of ears by 34.7%, and the 1000-grain weight by 4.9%. As a result, when applying lowland peat, the highest yield was observed (2.25 t/ha, an increase to the control of 0.69 t/ha, or 30.7%) and the level of profitability (47.5%).