Exploration of Traditional Papermaking by Potential Application of DNA Research

Paper and papermaking have been critical tools in the development of information societies throughout history. Despite their significance, the traditional papermaking and its propagation remains uncertain. This study investigates the potential presence of DNA in traditional paper and papermaking processes using DNA extraction and morphological analysis via acetocarmine and 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining. Results provide strong evidence for the survivability and presence of DNA within traditional paper and papermaking processes. This finding has particular significance for Eastern Asian countries, where paper mulberry was the primary fiber source for papermaking. The presence of DNA in traditional paper may influence our understanding of historical trade routes and fiber material propagation, especially concerning paper mulberry species. The taxonomical classification of paper mulberry remains unclear due to its extensive habitat range, rapid hybridization, morphological similarities, and incomplete historical records of species transfers. The discovery of DNA in traditional paper adds biological evidence to this complex issue. This study's findings have significant implications for the stepping-stone of future ethnobotanical research, particularly in relation to paper mulberry species. Additionally, the remained DNA potentially provides new insights into historical trade patterns, cultural exchanges, and the evolution of papermaking techniques across different regions.