Synergistic Cytotoxic Effect of Apis Mellifera syriaca Venom and Jania rubens Polysaccharide Extract on HCT-116 and HT-29 Colon Cancer Cell Lines

Introduction: Combining multiple natural extracts may provide an additive and/or synergistic effect, increasing the anti-cancer potential of the formulation while aiding in the search for targeted chemical compounds for cancer treatment. Methods: Here, we confirmed the individual in vitro anti-proliferation effect of Apis mellifera syriaca bee venom (BV) and Jania rubens red algae polysaccharide extract (PE) on HCT-116 and HT-29 colon cancer cell lines and explored the synergistic effect of these two natural extracts, aiming to develop a new mixture with promising potential against colorectal cancer. Results and Discussion: Given that the synergy between BV and algal PE was evaluated using concentrations of 5 and 250 mg/mL, respectively, a significant combined effect was noted, leading to at least a 20% more reduction in cell viability than with either extract alone. Additionally, the combination therapy significantly reduced cell migration more than either extract achieved on its own, exhibiting increased anti-migratory capability in a time-dependent manner. Conclusion: This synergy indicates the potential of enhanced anti-cancer efficacy in formulations based on combinations of natural components.