Double arrowhead auxetic structure behavior as battery protection under localized impact loading

Abstract In modern transportation, the increasing use of electric vehicles (EVs) emphasizes the need to improve the safety of their battery systems. A major concern is protecting these batteries from the harmful effects of mechanical impacts, which can lead to incidents such as fires or explosions. This study examines the effectiveness of auxetic structures in enhancing battery protection in EVs. Auxetic materials, which have a negative Poisson’s ratio, offer better energy absorption than traditional materials. Through detailed design and modeling, this research uses finite element analysis to evaluate the performance of these auxetic structures. Initial results confirm that during side pole impacts—a common type of vehicle collision—auxetic structures provide enhanced protection for EV batteries. Additionally, comparisons show that the Double Arrowhead auxetic configuration is the most effective among the different designs tested. By leveraging the properties of auxetic materials and incorporating surrogate modeling of various unit configurations, this research aims to lead the development of improved battery protection systems. The ultimate goal is to significantly reduce the risks associated with EV battery impacts, contributing to a safer and more sustainable future for electric transportation.