Transcranial magnetic stimulation in visual snow syndrome and functional disorders of visual perception

Visual snow syndrome (VSS) is one of the diseases of visual perception. It was first included in the International Classification of Headache disorders (3rd edition, 2018) as possible complication of migraine with aura. Despite the awareness of specialists regarding transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in migraine, the issues of TMS for VSS remain insufficiently studied. At the same time, TMS as a therapeutic and diagnostic tool aimed at modulating the cortical bioelectrical activity can contribute to better understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms of VSS and correction of appropriate symptoms. The authors discuss TMS for visual perception disorders.