Distribution of aerogenic carcinogenic risk levels and population mortality from malignant neoplasms on the territory of Omsk city

Omsk region is included in the list of 14 subjects of the Russian Federation, on the territory of which the number of additional cases of all causes of mortality associated with atmospheric air pollution exceeds the average Russian value by more than 1.5 times. The aim of the work was to estimate tentatively the territorially distributed cause-and-effect relationships between carcinogenic risks to public health under the influence of chemical substances polluting the atmospheric air of the city of Omsk and the mortality of the city residents from malignant neoplasms. Material and methods. The data of the federal state system of socio-hygienic monitoring and the national ecological system of atmospheric air pollution observation for the period 2009-2022 on average annual concentrations of chemical substances were used for health risk assessment. To calculate the actual “rough” and standardized mortality rates of the population of Omsk city, the data of socio-hygienic monitoring and the territorial body of Rosstat for the period 2017-2022 were used. To standardize mortality by age composition, a direct method using the WHO world standard was used. The territorial distribution of multi-year data on carcinogenic risks and mortality of the population from MND was assessed in the context of five administrative districts, 8 stationary observation posts. The assessment of differences between the territories was carried out by statistical methods: dispersion analysis, Student's criterion, Mann-Whitney test; relative risks of mortality (RR) and correlation analysis were used. Results. Uneven distribution of average annual concentrations of the studied carcinogens and individual carcinogenic risks on the territory of the city was established; relatively “clean” and “dirty” micro-territories were determined. In the territories with long-term increased levels of carcinogenic risk - the mortality rate from malignant neoplasms was significantly higher RR=1.27 (95% CI 1.252-1.288), including the group of nosologies “leukemia” (C91-C95). Conclusion. It is advisable to include algorithms of supervision over the territories with increased mortality rates from STDs under conditions of environmental pollution by chemical carcinogens in strategic programs to combat oncological diseases with the strengthening of interagency cooperation in this area on the part of medical organizations, Rospotrebnadzor, environmental agencies and municipal authorities.