Biological Antioxidant Applications: Learning from Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into organic compounds while releasing oxygen. However, the byproducts of this process, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), can negatively affect plant cells. This paper explores the relationship between photosynthesis and the plant antioxidant system. Research shows that the reducing agents NADPH and ATP generated during photosynthesis are essential energy and material bases for maintaining the antioxidant capacity of plant cells. These substances help eliminate ROS and sustain the normal activity of antioxidant enzymes. Additionally, photosynthetic pigments, besides participating in light absorption and photosynthetic reactions, play a role in the antioxidant process by capturing excess light energy, thereby reducing the likelihood of ROS production. This paper reveals how photosynthesis regulates the plant antioxidant system by providing energy and material foundations and modulating the functions of photosynthetic pigments. It offers theoretical support for plant growth, development, and stress resistance.