Design and Implementation of a Virtual Synchronous Generator Control System for Power Electronic Inverters Interfaced with Energy Storage Systems

Abstract - The integration of power electronic inverters with energy storage systems presents challenges in maintaining voltage stability and frequency control, functions traditionally managed by synchronous generators in power grids. To address these challenges, Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) control systems have been proposed as a viable solution. This study aims to design and implement a VSG control system for power electronic inverters interfaced with energy storage systems and to evaluate its performance compared to inverters lacking VSG controls. The VSG control scheme was developed using virtual inertia control, damping control, and active control mechanisms to emulate the behavior of conventional synchronous generators. The system was tested for its ability to maintain stable input and output voltage, regulate output load, manage battery capacity, and stabilize input frequency and temperature under varying operational conditions. The VSG control system effectively maintained voltage stability and frequency control, demonstrating superior stability and reliability compared to inverter systems without VSG controls. The findings indicate that implementing VSG control in inverters is essential for ensuring voltage stability and frequency regulation in microgrids. Future research should focus on optimizing VSG control schemes for various load conditions and system configurations to enhance their applicability across diverse scenarios.