Harnessing AI and Emerging Technologies for Sustainable Food Systems: Innovations in Automation and Intelligent Production

The global food system faces challenges in food security, environmental sustainability, and supply chain inefficiencies, with traditional methods struggling to meet demands while minimizing resource depletion and ecological impact. New approaches that integrate AI and new technologies must be developed to address the growing concerns of global food security and sustainability. This article reviews the potential progressive roles of automation, artificial intelligence, and renewable energy for maintaining sustainable practices, optimizing food production, and enhancing decision-making. Blockchain technology improves transparency and traceability in food supply chains. IoT-powered smart systems enable real-time monitoring of crops, livestock, and food storage conditions, optimizing resource usage. AI-driven developing algorithms enhance decision-making, automate agricultural processes, and improve food quality and safety. While renewable energy sources like solar-powered aquaponics and hybrid energy systems promote ecologically sustainable food production, robotics and 3D printing are developing agricultural processes. However, widespread adoption faces challenges such as high costs, infrastructure limitations, and regulatory barriers alongside these benefits. Future research should focus on enhancing AI-driven solutions, addressing scalability issues, and ensuring equitable access to these technologies across AI ethics, infrastructure, and regulatory framework.