DECEMBER FIRST ARMED UPRISING IN TALLINN

On December 1, 1924, an unsuccessful attempt at an armed seizure of power took place in Estonia, which went down in history as the December Uprising. This event played an important role in the history of Estonia in the 1920s – 1930s. The author analyzes the prerequisites of the December First armed uprising in Tallinn, and also describes the internal political situation in Estonia that developed in 1923 – 1924. The article emphasizes that the local Communists decided to take advantage of the economic difficulties and political instability experienced by the Republic of Estonia in 1923 – 1924 to achieve their goals. The author focuses on the issues of the role of the Comintern and the USSR in the December first armed uprising in Tallinn and the impact of this event on Soviet-Estonian relations. The role of the Comintern and the USSR in these events lies in the fact that Moscow, despite some support, did not provide direct assistance to the Estonian communists, taking into account the previous failures of revolutionary movements in Europe. The failure of the uprising in Tallinn was one of the factors that influenced the change in Soviet foreign policy, which consisted in the fact that the USSR refused to actively support communist movements abroad, switching to the idea of building socialism in a single country. After the defeat of the December Uprising, relations between the Soviet Union and Estonia cooled, which led to an aggravation of bilateral relations and even an economic boycott of Estonian exports by the USSR. These events also contributed to the reanimation of the idea of creating the Baltic Union. When writing the article, the author relied on a variety of historical sources: Soviet-Estonian agreements, periodical materials, correspondence of members of the Central Committee of the KPE, statistical materials.