Study of Clinical Determinants and Obtetric Outcome in Vaginal Birth after Caesarean Section (VBAC)

Background: Historically, "Once a C-section, always a C-section" was the norm, but advances in surgical techniques have shifted toward encouraging VBAC. Understanding factors for successful VBAC can reduce cesarean rates, improve recovery, and enhance maternal health. Our study aims to support safe VBAC implementation, promoting better outcomes and patient autonomy. Aim: To find out the clinical determinants and Obstetric outcome in Vaginal Birth after a Previous Caesarean Section. Material and Methods: This study is a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional research conducted over two years at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of DVVP Pravara Rural Hospital, Loni, with a sample size of 100 participants. The primary aim is to evaluate factors influencing successful Vaginal Birth After Cesarean (VBAC) in women who have a history of a previous single lower segment cesarean section (LSCS) at the same hospital. Data were collected from eligible participants and analyzed using suitable statistical tests to identify trends and correlations. Results: Our study aims to assess the safety and feasibility of VBAC in a tertiary care setting, focusing on key factors such as maternal age, BMI, inter-delivery interval, previous obstetric history, and the indication for the initial cesarean. By identifying predictors of successful VBAC, the findings will help improve clinical decision-making and patient counseling. The study was approved by the ethical committee, and participants provided written informed consent. Standard protocols for VBAC management were followed, with senior obstetricians making the decision. Continuous electronic fetal monitoring ensured maternal and fetal wellbeing during labor. Conclusion: VBAC can be a safe option for women with a history of a single LSCS, provided there are no contraindications. A multidisciplinary approach, continuous fetal monitoring, and partographs improve safety and timely intervention. Senior obstetricians’ involvement enhances success rates. Favorable outcomes indicate VBAC can reduce repeat cesareans, lowering surgical risks and costs.