Orderly charge and discharge optimization of electric vehicle based on master-slave game

With the rapid popularization of electric vehicles, a large number of electric vehicles are connected to the power grid for charging at the same time, which is likely to cause a drastic increase in the load of the power grid, further aggravating the pressure on the power grid and affecting the stability and reliability of the power system. In order to solve this problem, t his paper proposes a master-slave game model that includes charging stations and electric vehicles, and based on this model, an integrated energy charging station system based on photovoltaic, wind power and energy storage devices is investigated. The charging station acts as the leader of the game, guiding EVs to orderly charging and discharging by optimizing electricity prices, while EVs act as followers with the goal of minimizing charging costs. In this paper, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the electricity price and charging strategy, and a dynamic electricity price model with hybrid strategy is designed to cope with the fluctuation of supply and demand in the power grid. Meanwhile, during the peak power consumption period, the energy storage equipment and electric vehicles in the charging station can also be used as a distributed energy storage system to sell excess power to the grid and play the role of peak shaving and valley filling. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme effectively enhances the stability and reliability of the power grid while reducing charging costs and improving the utilization rate of renewable energy, and provides a good solution for EV charging scheduling.