Configuration optimisation of rural integrated photovoltaic-storage-charging stations considering time-of-use electricity tariffs and fee compensation

This paper presents a capacity optimisation strategy for rural integrated photovoltaic storage and charging stations (PV-SCs) that incorporates a price incentive mechanism. First, a spatio-temporal dynamic model of electric vehicle (EV) charging load is developed, which is then refined to account for time-of-use (ToU) tariffs and fee compensation for rural EV charging. Next, an optimal planning model is established to minimise the construction, operation, and maintenance costs while maximising the charging revenue of rural integrated PV-SCs. The optimal collaborative planning solution under differentiated price incentive schemes for the planning period is then obtained. Finally, case studies validate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed optimisation method for rural integrated PV-SCs under the price incentive scheme. This approach has significant implications for promoting the sustainable operation of charging infrastructure, facilitating the consumption of new energy through charging load management, and enhancing the coordinated interaction of rural energy sources, grids, loads, and storage.