A quantitative analysis of the impact of grid topology and power sources characteristics on the time-space frequency distribution in power systems

As the scale of power systems increases and the penetration of renewable energy rises, the time-space distribution character of power system frequency has become increasingly pronounced. The character can influence the coordination and accurate response of system frequency regulation resources. Therefore, this paper investigates quantitatively the impact of grid topology and the effects of specific forms of active disturbances and generator parameters on the time-space distribution character of frequency. Firstly, this study extends the frequency divider theory by deriving the augmented frequency divider matrix. By calculating the extended f-norm condition number of the matrix D̄, the influence of grid topology is assessed. Secondly, the study provides method for calculating the initial imbalance power of each generator units and for normalizing generator parameters, which takes into account the effects of disturbance specifics and generator parameters through the allocation of subjective weighting coefficients. Finally, we validate our conclusions by simulating frequency curves of typical systems using DigSilent PowerFactory. Overall, this paper use extended frequency divider matrix’s extended f-norm condition number to analysis the grid topology’s influence on the character and method of calculating initial disturbance power, normalizing generator units parameters to quantitatively analysis power sources influence. The method supposed are benefited for analyzing stability of power system frequency and design of frequency regulation controllers.