A temporal-continuous model to quantify the dynamic characteristics of ADN under high distributed photovoltaic penetration

The proliferation of renewable energy sources and the increasing complexity of Active Distribution Networks (ADNs) have necessitated innovative approaches to network management. This paper introduces a novel temporal-continuous (TC) method designed to quantify dynamic characteristics of distributed photovoltaics (PV) within ADNs. The proposed method addresses the limitations of existing approaches, which often overlook the temporal dynamics of energy production and consumption. The study begins with a comprehensive review of current ADN researches, highlighting their shortcomings in handling the sub-hourly fluctuations inherent in ADNs. To address these gaps, we propose a TC model of ADN based on Bernstein polynomials, before which its necessity and feasibility are verified. To model the dynamics of the ADN, the TC model of ADN is transformed from the conventional TD model while keeping the constraints hold. The efficacy of the proposed method is evaluated through a series of numerical tests on a modified IEEE-33 bus system, comparing its performance against existing methods. The results demonstrate that the proposed TC method offers a promising avenue for modelling the temporal dynamics of ADNs by lowering the unit operation cost and PV curtailment.