Reliability analysis of power distribution networks considering different vehicle-grid integration modes and multiple uncertainties

The power distribution networks (PDNs) are integrated with generous electric vehicles (EVs) and distributed photovoltaics (PVs) and the the reliability of PDNs is affected. Based on this background, a reliability analysis method for PDNs is proposed considering different vehicle-grid integration modes and multiple uncertainties. The uncertainty of PV output and time-of-use (ToU) price models are established by the probability distribution model. Then, with the vehicle-grid integration modes and multiple uncertainties considered, a reliability analysis model for PDNs is proposed. Based on the results of the reliability analysis model, the defined reliability indices can be evaluated to measure the reliability of PDNs. At last, a modified IEEE 33-bus system is used as a case study to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results of the expected energy not supplied (EENS) during critical periods of V1G and V2G are 0.25 MW·h and 0.02 MW·h, respectively, which shows that V2G can enhance the reliability of PDNs compared to V1G. The results of the expected photovoltaic energy curtailment (EPEC) are 0.56 MW·h and 0.21 MW·h when considering the uncertainty of PV output and not, which shows that the uncertainty of PV output will reduce the reliability of PDNs.