On the issue of preeclampsia screening efficiency

Objective. To analyze the risk factors for the development of preeclampsia and assess their role in predicting this complication on the basis of a retrospective analysis of medical records data. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the medical records of 55 patients who ended their pregnancy was carried out. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the first group consisted of 33 puerperal women diagnosed with preeclampsia, the second group included 22 patients without hypertensive complications. A comprehensive assessment of clinical and anamnestic risk factors, as well as the data analysis of the comprehensive screening of the first trimester were carried out. Results. The analysis of the data obtained showed that an increase in the level of average blood pressure in the first trimester is an important risk factor for the development of hypertensive disorders in the second half of pregnancy (p0.05). The analysis of clinical and anamnestic risk factors revealed that preeclampsia was significantly more common in the first pregnancies , and in patients with a history of antenatal fetal death (p0.05). According to the results of routine risk calculation in the first trimester using software, a high risk for developing preeclampsia was determined only in 16% of cases of pregnant women from the first group, Conclusions. Despite the widespread use of comprehensive screening programs for preeclampsia, the problem of predicting it currently remains unsolved. Particular attention should be paid to a multivariate approach based on the assessment of the combination of factors, since no single marker is able to provide high sensitivity screening when isolated.