YOLOv5-Based Electric Scooter Crackdown Platform

As the use of personal mobility (PM) devices continues to rise, regulatory violations have become more frequent, highlighting the need for technological solutions to ensure efficient enforcement. This study addresses these challenges by proposing an AI-based enforcement platform. The system integrates the You Only Look Once version 5 (YOLOv5) object detection model, a deep-learning-based framework, with Global Positioning System (GPS) location data, Raspberry Pi 5, and Amazon Web Services (AWS) for data processing and web-based implementation. The YOLOv5 model was deployed in two configurations: one for detecting electric scooter usage and another for identifying legal violations. The system utilized AWS Relational Database Service (RDS), Simple Storage Service (S3), and Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) to store violation records and host web applications. The detection performance was evaluated using mean average precision (mAP) metrics. The electric scooter detection model achieved mAP50 and mAP50-95 scores of 99.5 and 99.457, respectively. Meanwhile, the legal violation detection model attained mAP50 and mAP50-95 scores of 99.5 and 81.813, indicating relatively lower accuracy for fine-grained violation detection. This study presents a practical technological platform for monitoring regulatory compliance and automating fine enforcement for shared electric scooters. Future improvements in object detection accuracy and real-time processing capabilities are expected to enhance the system’s overall reliability.