Circulating leptin and resistin levels in myocardial infarction patients with insulin resistance

ObjectiveThe study investigated the link between the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and myocardial infarction (MI) parameters, highlighting its role as a potential MI biomarker in Southern Saudi patients.MethodsThis cross-sectional study conducted from January to April 2021 at the Prince Faisal Bin Khalid Cardiac Center, Abha, Saudi Arabia, examined cardiovascular and diabetic biomarkers, including HOMA-IR, in MI patients and controls to assess insulin resistance (IR), risk, and diagnostic accuracy.ResultsMI patients showed significantly elevated HOMA-IR, leptin, resistin, body mass index (BMI), and glucose-complexed hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels compared with controls in both genders (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). HbA1c was strongly associated with HOMA-IR, whereas age, BMI, leptin, and resistin showed weak correlations. Elevated HOMA-IR increased MI risk and demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy.ConclusionsElevated HOMA-IR was identified as an early indicator of the onset of MI, whereas serum leptin and resistin levels exhibited a positive association with IR in patients with MI. Moreover, serum leptin, resistin, and elevated HOMA-IR may independently contribute to the risk of MI.