Disparities in the access to immune checkpoint inhibitors approved in the United States, the European Union and mainland China: a serial cross-sectional study
ICIs approved in the United States, the European Union and mainland China differed in indications, approval time, review duration and evidence base, which may impact access to life-saving treatments. Future studies should investigate the impact of these differences and the underlying reasons beyond the evidence supporting the label approvals.
Authors
- Teng-Fei Lin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5282-6945)
- Carolina Oi Lam Ung (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1915-5099)
- Haibo Song (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7952-6360)
- Hu Ha (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-9324)
- Fu-Xiao Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1689-9028)
- Jinling Tang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0536-0083)
- Zhi-Rong Yang
- J. Cai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4945-6733)
- W. C. S. Meng
- Shi-Fu Luo
- Shiyu Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5888-4119)
Institutions
- Queen's University Belfast (GB)
- University of Nottingham Ningbo China (CN)
- National University of Singapore (SG)
- Shenzhen University (CN)
- University of Macau (MO)
- National Medical Products Administration (CN)
- Ninewells Hospital (GB)
- China National Environmental Monitoring Center (CN)
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (CN)
- Shenzhen Technology University (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- BMJ Public Health
- Published
- 2025-03-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2024-001995
- Citations
- 2
- Primary Topic
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 2.09
Funders
- Shenzhen University