Silylation of Aryl and Alkyl Chlorides by a Seven‐Membered Dialkoxysilyl Group Si(pan)Me via an In Situ Generated Silylpotassium

Abstract Silicon‐containing compounds are increasingly vital in pharmaceutical and agrochemical applications, yet existing silylation methods face critical limitations: poor reactivity of unactivated silanes and instability of activated silylation reagents and their products. Here, we present a seven‐membered dialkoxysilyl unit, dioxasilepane, abbreviated as Si(pan), that combines exceptional stability with controllable reactivity. We demonstrate a versatile method for Si(pan)Me incorporation into organic molecules through reactions with diverse aryl, alkenyl, and alkyl chlorides. Notably, we have isolated and structurally characterized the key silylpotassium intermediate as its 18‐crown‐6 complex through X‐ray crystallography. Experimental mechanistic studies reveal that this silylpotassium species mediates the transformation primarily through halogen‐metal exchange (HME). Computational investigations confirm the HME pathway while suggesting a concurrent S N 2 mechanism for specific primary alkyl chlorides. This methodology establishes Si(pan) as a robust building block for constructing silicon‐containing molecular frameworks, addressing a longstanding challenge in organic synthesis.

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Publication Details

Journal
Angewandte Chemie
Published
2025-03-13
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.202424183
Primary Topic
Organoboron and organosilicon chemistry
Type
article
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article

Silylation of Aryl and Alkyl Chlorides by a Seven‐Membered Dialkoxysilyl Group Si(pan)Me via an In Situ Generated Silylpotassium

Jun Shimokawa, Kenshiro Hitoshio, Hideki Yorimitstu
1 links
Angewandte Chemie
Organoboron and organosilicon chemistry
article

Silylation of Aryl and Alkyl Chlorides by a Seven‐Membered Dialkoxysilyl Group Si(pan)Me via an In Situ Generated Silylpotassium

Jun Shimokawa, Kenshiro Hitoshio, Hideki Yorimitstu
article en

Abstract

Abstract Silicon‐containing compounds are increasingly vital in pharmaceutical and agrochemical applications, yet existing silylation methods face critical limitations: poor reactivity of unactivated silanes and instability of activated silylation reagents and their products. Here, we present a seven‐membered dialkoxysilyl unit, dioxasilepane, abbreviated as Si(pan), that combines exceptional stability with controllable reactivity. We demonstrate a versatile method for Si(pan)Me incorporation into organic molecules through reactions with diverse aryl, alkenyl, and alkyl chlorides. Notably, we have isolated and structurally characterized the key silylpotassium intermediate as its 18‐crown‐6 complex through X‐ray crystallography. Experimental mechanistic studies reveal that this silylpotassium species mediates the transformation primarily through halogen‐metal exchange (HME). Computational investigations confirm the HME pathway while suggesting a concurrent S N 2 mechanism for specific primary alkyl chlorides. This methodology establishes Si(pan) as a robust building block for constructing silicon‐containing molecular frameworks, addressing a longstanding challenge in organic synthesis.

Angewandte ChemieVol. 137(21)
Kyoto University (JP), Rigaku (Japan) (JP), Kyoto University of Education (JP)
Openalex Percentile: Top 96%
Organoboron and organosilicon chemistry
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