Stent Graft Intervention in a Lumbar Artery Pseudoaneurysm Improved Cauda Equina Syndrome: A Case Report of Combined Embolization Strategy

A lumbar artery pseudoaneurysm following a lumbar vertebral compression fraction is rare. Cauda equina syndrome due to spinal canal compression is a rarer complication of this pseudoaneurysm. Endovascular treatment, which involves embolization of the inflow and outflow vessels, is the first-line treatment for lumbar artery pseudoaneurysms. We report a case of a lumbar artery pseudoaneurysm with spinal canal compression that was treated with coil embolization of the outflow vessel and stent graft placement to occlude the inflow vessel. After treatment, the symptoms of cauda equina syndrome improved. Using a stent graft is particularly effective when the inflow vessel to be occluded is short and, combined with other endovascular therapies such as coil embolization, increases the potential for complete exclusion of a lumbar artery pseudoaneurysm.