Practicing leadership skills by the Sultanate of Oman school principals according to the Kouzes and Posner model

This study aimed to investigate the extent to which public school principals in the Sultanate of Oman practice leadership skills in light of Kouzes and Posner's leadership challenge model. The study determined that for the research question: To what extent do public school principals in Oman practice leadership skills according to the Kouzes and Posner model from the perspective of teachers? The researchers applied A descriptive approach and the study sample was selected randomly. It was consisted of 472 male and female teachers from different public schools in Oman (cycle one, cycle two and post basic education schools). The study instrument was a questionnaire composed of five subdomains (Model the Way, Inspire Shared Vision, Challenge the Process, Enable Others to Act, and Encourage the Heart), distributed across 33 items, and validated for reliability and accuracy. Data collection had done through the survey. The results showed that the degree of public-school principals' practice of leadership skills according to the leadership challenge model was very high with a mean score of 4.25 at a significant level α 0.05. The study recommended the need for a comprehensive training program for school principals on the basis of the leadership challenge model. Additionally, the ability to inspire a shared vision and empowering staff for leaders should be strengthened through training courses and workshops. This study further highlights that empowering staff is crucial issue to enhance their achievements through fostering innovation and acknowledge staff achievements. The training programs at the Specialized Leadership Training Center under the Ministry of Education in Oman should be integrated.