Lexical reflection of collectivisation in literary works in Kazakhstan in the early 1930s

Abstract This study investigates lexical transformations in Kazakh-Russian translation of collectivisation terminology, addressing the scarcity of research in this domain. Employing lexical, comparative, contextual, statistical and analytical-synthetic methods, it analyses lexical groups including terms identifying the Soviet regime, social status, propaganda processes, and collectivisation itself. The Russian translation notably increases the frequency of collectivisation-related terms, often introducing new terms absent in the original text. Major lexical transformations observed include semantic development (fourteen contexts), concretisation (eleven contexts) and holistic transformation (nine contexts). Statistical analysis quantifies the frequency of these transformations. Future applications include exploring translation strategies in Kazakh-Russian fiction, refining lexical categories of collectivisation terminology, and developing structural templates for automated literary translation processes.