IoT-Enabled Water Dispersal Management System using Suction Motor for Optimized Agricultural Irrigation

Optimizing crop yield and conserving water resources in agriculture necessitate effective water management strategies. This paper presents a prototype system for managing water dispersal using a suction motor, combined with real-time soil moisture monitoring via the Internet of Things (IoT). The system continuously measures soil moisture content using sensors, and an electric suction motor is activated when moisture levels exceed or fall below predetermined thresholds, as signaled by an Arduino circuit board. The motor redistributes surplus water from regions with high moisture to areas with lower moisture, ensuring an even distribution of water and maintaining optimal soil conditions for crop growth. Results from field tests demonstrate the system’s efficiency in balancing soil moisture, as moisture levels in over-saturated areas were reduced from $\mathbf{8 0 \%}$ to $\mathbf{6 0 \%}$, while drier areas saw an increase from $\mathbf{2 0 \%}$ to $\mathbf{5 0 \%}$. Additionally, comparative analysis shows that the water dispersal management system using a suction motor achieves higher efficiency ($\mathbf{8 0 \%}$) in maintaining moisture balance compared to traditional methods and other automated systems. This technology offers an affordable, scalable, and sustainable approach to agricultural water management, significantly enhancing crop output and resource conservation efforts.